Trachea surface anesthesia or and epidural block reduces isoflurane requirements in general anesthesia 和硬膜外阻滯降低異氟醚吸入全麻用藥量
Methods 470 cases of ureteral calculi were treated with ureteroscopic ballistic lithoclast under caudal block anesthesia or urethral surface anesthesia 方法在門診內(nèi)鏡手術(shù)室骶管阻滯麻醉或尿道表面麻醉下行輸尿管鏡術(shù)加氣壓彈道碎石術(shù)治療輸尿管結(jié)石470例。